ANALISIS MORFOLOGI FISIK KALDERA MASURAI JAMBI MENGGUNAKAN CITRA SATELIT RESOLUSI TINGGI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23960/jge.v7i3.161Keywords:
Landscapes, Masurai Caldera, Physical morphology, Satellite imageryAbstract
Kaldera Masurai Jambi merupakan kaldera terakhir yang ditemukan di Pulau Sumatera. Keberadaan kaldera yang berumur Plistosen Akhir ini sebagai bagian dari pembentukan kaldera di sepanjang Perbukitan Barisan. Informasi geologi terkait kaldera ini sangat sedikit, sehingga diperlukan penelitian geologi detail yang diawali dengan analisis morfologi fisik kaldera. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memahami morfologi fisik Kaldera Masurai dengan menggunakan analisis citra resolusi tinggi yang merupakan upaya untuk mengetahui proses pembentukan morfologi kaldera dan posisinya secara geologi terhadap keberadaan kaldera lainnya. Untuk mendukung penelitian ini, menggunakan metode pengamatan dan analisis model elevasi digital ASTER-GDEM, Citra Satelit Ikonos dan Citra Quickbird, observasi bentang alam, dan pemetaan geologi. Morfologi fisik Kaldera Masurai terdiri dari Morfologi puncak kaldera dengan bentang alam dan manifestasi seperti cincin kaldera, kawah gunung api dari Kawah Kumbang, Kawah Mabuk, Kawah Merah Tanjung Brugo, dan fosil Kawah Dikit, dan Gunung Masurai Muda. Morfologi lereng kaldera proksimal-medial dengan bentang alam dan manifestasi meliputi kerucut Gunung Dikit yang merupakan bagian dari kerucut parasiter Gunung Masurai Tua dan kerucut Gunung Lupi yang merupakan bagian dari kerucut parasiter Gunung Masurai Muda. Morfologi kaki atau distal kaldera dengan bentang alam dan manifestasi seperti Danau Pauh dan Danau Kecil sebagai bagian dari jejak erupsi samping atau kerucut sinder Gunung Masurai Muda. Karakteristik bentang alam dan manifestasi kaldera merupakan hasil proses geologi yang membentuk morfologi Kaldera Masurai.
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